Student Posters Repository

It is estimated that 50% of the power consumption of an aircraft is due to the skin-friction drag, i.e. the friction between the fluid and the surface. Therefore, reducing the skin-friction has significant economic and environmental ramifications. Injecting air, even at very low speed, from a porous surface (it is called wall blowing) can reduce the skin-friction by 80% for subsonic and supersonic flows over the surface. However, the energy expenditure by the blowing system can be high, leading to loss or small saving of the total power. In the current study, Bayesian optimisation in conjunction with high fidelity numerical simulations of flow in the wall vicinity, which are conducted by INCOMPACT3D, is used to considerably reduce the skin-friction drag and maximise the net energy saving. Primary results showed that Bayesian optimisation converged rapidly, after 13 evaluations, to the optimum parameters. The associated total energy saving of the obtained parameters is 5% with local skin-friction reduction of 40%.